Introduction to Computer
- A Computer is an electronic device which processes the input information according to the given set instruction called program.
- Blaise Pascal had developed the first mechanical calculator in 1642 AD, which is called Pascalene'.
- British scientist Charles Babbage was the first person to conceive an automatic calculator or a computer in 1833. He is called the 'Father of modern computer'.
- The credit of developing first computer program goes to Lady Ada Augusta, a student of Babbage. Howard Akin developed the first Mechanical Computer ‘Mark - i' in 1937.
- Herman Hollerith prepared an electronic tabulating machine in 1880, which was automatically functional with the help of Punch Card.
- J.P. Ekart and John Moschley invented world's first electronic computer 'ENIAC-I in 1946 and paved the way for first revolution in the field of calculating machine or computer. Electronic Valve or Vacuum Tube was used switch in the computer.
Five generations of Computer |
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Generation |
Period |
Electronic Components |
Main
Computers |
I |
1940-52 |
Electronic Valve Vacuum Tube |
EDSAC,
EDVAC, UNIVAC |
II |
1952-64 |
Transistor |
IBM-700, IBM-1401, IBM-1620, CDC
1604,
CDC-3600, ATLAS, ICL-1901 |
III |
1964-71 |
Integrated
Circuit |
IBM-700,
IBM-1401, IBM-1620, CDC |
IV |
1971- |
Largely Integrated Circuit |
Apple, DCM |
V |
------- |
Optical
fiber |
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Programming Languages of different generations
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Generation |
Languages |
1st
Generation (1940-52) |
FORTRAN-i |
2nd
Generation (1952-64) |
FORTRAN-ii, ALGOL-60, COBOL, LISP |
3rd
Generation (1964-71) |
PL / I, ALGOL - W, ALGOL - 68, Pascal, SIMULA- - 67, APL,
SNOBOL, 4 BASIC, C |
4th
Generation (1971--) |
CLUE, ALFARD, UCLID, Reformed Pascal,
MODULA, EDA, ORACLE |
5th
Generation (For future) |
Artificial |
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